Definition Of Neighbors By Al-Qur'an
Allah Ta'ala says:
واعبدوا الله ولا تشركوا به شيئا وبالوالدين إحسانا وبذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين والجار ذي القربى والجار الجنب والصاحب بالجنب وابن السبيل وما ملكت أيمانكم إن الله لا يحب من كان مختالا فخورا
"Be Worship Allah and be not members curse him with something else. And do good to both parents, a close-relatives, orphans, the poor, neighbors who are near and neighbors far, peers, ibn sabil and sahayamu servant. Allah does not love those who are arrogant and boast themselves. "(QS. An-Nisa '/ 4: 36).
Imam al-Qurtubi rahimahullah in the book of al-Jaami 'li Ahkaamil Qur-aan (V / 183) said, "As for the neighbors, then Allah Ta'ala has ordered to guard them, and strive to fulfill their rights. Allah also make one's will in His Book and through oral Prophet to pay attention to guarantee its neighbors. It is not you see that Allah Ta'ala has strengthened the mention of a neighbor after the mention of both parents and a close relative. Allah the Exalted says: والجار ذي القربى 'close neighbor', namely close relatives and والجار الجنب is' distant neighbors', ie foreign neighbors who do not have kinship in nasab. that was said by Ibn 'Abbas. "
Thus the meaning of al-Jaar in language. Included in it are the words, فلان أجنب (foreign Fulan). Similarly, impure word meaning is al-bu'du (away). Linguists never humming:
فلا تحر مني نائلا عن جنابة
فإني امرؤ وسط القباب غريب
Do you forbade me to get something because I'm away
Indeed, I am a stranger in the midst of a leader of his people.
Al-A'sya said:
أتيت حريثا زائرا عن جنابة
فكان حريث عن عطائي جامدا
I came as a pilgrim Huraith from a distance,
However, Huraith very stiff and my gift.
Then al-Qurtubi rahimahullah said, "... On this basis, the intestate to the highly ordered and encouraged neighbors, good neighbors are Muslims or infidels, this is true."
To do good to the neighbor means giving breadth to him, it could also get along well, refrain from hurting him, and keep people who are in charge.
Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar said in the book Fat-hul Baari (X / 441), "close neighbor is a neighbor who between them have relatives relationship. As far neighbors are just the opposite. This is the word that most (famous) .... Adapula which says that a close neighbor is a Muslim neighbor and a distant neighbor is in others .... Those that say that a close neighbor and the neighbor's wife was away was a friend of the trip (safar). "
Source: "Neighbors Meaning and Limitations", Shaykh 'Ali Hasan' Ali 'Abdul Hamid al-Halabi al-Atsari, Copied from Becoming Neighbors Idaman, discussion First In terms of 7-15, Publication Library Ibn Kathir
