Ethics To Employees
1. Preffered Employ A Muslim
Obligatory for Muslims to not hire someone unless a Muslim. And shouldn't employ the polytheists. Indeed, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has said:... فلن أستعين بمشرك
"... I will not have recourse to the polytheists."
Umar Ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه was furious when Abu Musa al-Ash'ari رضي الله عنه hire a clerk at the Christian governor in Kufa. Except if he does not find a Muslim until he was forced to hire the polytheists, provided this does not give power to the people of the assets of the Muslims.
Allah the Exalted says:
... ولن يجعل الله للكافرين على المؤمنين سبيلا
"... And Allah was not going to give way to the infidels to destroy those who believe." (QS. An-Nisa '/ 4: 141)
2. Should Employ A Strong again Trusted
A Muslim should employ one who trusted, good religion, strong, and well worth it. It was based on the word of Allah Ta'ala:... إن خير من استأجرت القوي الأمين
"... Indeed the kind you take to work (on us) was a strong person more trustworthy" (QS. Al-Qasas / 28: 26)
Therefore, people who have properties such as this will be able to carry out tasks and more fear of God in his duties. As for those who only have partial properties described above and does not have some others will cause chaos so that the job will not be perfect result as expected.
Mentioned in the history that 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه said: "Oh, God, I complain to you failings of the mandate and the betrayal of the strong."
3. Ease in Muamalah
What is meant is transaction between employers and workers are ease, softness and full of eagerness. Indeed, Islam strongly encourages all forms muamalah ease.Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
رحم الله رجلا سمحا إذا باع, وإذا اشترى, وإذا اقتضى
"God bless the person who is easy if you sell, buy and collect."
4. Agreement
Deal about work is must approved earlier, which is about the work requested, explanation of the characters and details, as well as good wages so as not to harm either party. This agreement will determine the causes of strife, close the entrance of Satan, and prevent fraud and deception. As employers of workers should not be indigence or force him to do something to the detriment of their rights, or give wage inappropriate and incompatible with the job.Proposition of agreements and wage setting is the word of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم when asked his job herding goats. He صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
كنت أرعاها على قراريط لأهل مكة
"I was herding goats for Makkah residents to pay some qirath"
What is meant by qirath is part of a dinar or dirham. One qirath (4/6 dinar) equal to half daniq (1/4 dirham) and one dirham equals six daniq. Most narrators stick with this interpretation, as chosen by Ibn Hajar.
5. Should Not Hire Someone to Haram Case
A worker may not accept employment that do work by haram ways. For example, keeping shops selling illicit goods, such as khamar, liquor, magazines and pornographic CDs, and so forth. He must not accept a job unless permitted to wage he receives is lawful and good.Similarly, for the employer, she should not hire someone to help him do the job unclean. It will thus add sin upon sin of the first, namely the unlawful acts, with a new sin, that involve other people in the case of the haram. At his home, he should not be doing that. Hiring someone for illicit affair is a falsehood and not justified. As an employer shall not force workers to do something that brings the wrath of Allah Ta'ala.
6. Amanah Implement Tasks and Jobs
Worker should perform their duties with full trust and do not flip. He should fear Allah Ta'ala, even when the employer does not exist. He must remain muraqahah (feel under supervision) with his Lord عزوجل in carrying out the tasks assigned to him.عزوجل Allah says:
إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلها ...
"Indeed, Allah orders you convey the message to those who deserve it ..." (Qur'an, An-Nisa '/ 4: 58)
7. Submit Results Advantages to Employers
A worker shall submit to the employer's advantage because it is a form of fulfillment of the mandate.Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
الخازن الأمين الذي يؤدي ما أمر به طيبة نفسه أحد المتصدقين
"A treasurer of the mandate, which is to fulfill what he was told to be happy, including those who shadaqah."
He should not take anything for himself because it was a betrayal. As he also should not be giving up gains to other than his employer. Likewise, he should behave wara '(caution) in receiving prizes awarded to him due to his position on the post.
8. Compassionate to Employees
Should an employer do not overload employees with jobs outside the capability or impose him the job he could not do. Unless the employer contribute to help the heavy task.Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
... ولا تكلفوهم ما يغلبهم, فإن كلفتموهم فأعينوهم
"Do not burden them with something that they can not afford. If you charge something to them, then help."
9. Accomplishing Rights of Workers
An employer shall perform labor rights that have been agreed in advance, as soon as he completed his task, based on the words of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم:أعطوا الأجير أجره قبل أن يجف عرقه
"Give the workers wages before his sweat dries."
Let him not seek to postpone his surrender or hurt him in the slightest. Namely, by withholding wages for no reason and another, because the act was categorized as false consuming people's wealth. So should every employer realize that eating right of workers are major sins.Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
قال الله تعالى: ثلاثة أنا خصمهم يوم القيامة: رجل أعطى بي ثم غدر, ورجل باع حرا فأكل ثمنه, ورجل استأجر أجيرا فاستوفى منه ولم يعطه أجره
"Allah the Exalted says; 'There are three kinds of people who directly I require on the Day of Resurrection: those who make arrangements in my name and then he violated; the person who sells a free man and ate the proceeds; and those who employ other people, who the man has been perfecting his work, but he did not give his salary (wages). ' "
10. Keeping Workers' Rights are Going (Not Present)
Should an employer while maintaining the rights of workers if the workers go before the redeemable right, either because of illness, went up suddenly or for other reasons, If the wages of workers joined the treasures employers and increasing profits while the workers go, should the employer submit wage the following advantages. It is a form of redemption deeds and mandate. Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said tells the story of three people trapped in the cave:وقال الثالث: اللهم إني استأجرت أجراء فأعطيتهم أجرهم غير رجل واحد ترك الذي له وذهب فثمرت أجره حتى كثرت منه الأموال, فجاءني بعد حين, فقال: يا عبد الله! أد إلي أجري, فقلت له: كل ما ترى من أجرك من الإبل, والبقر, والغنم, والرقيق, فقال: يا عبد الله, لا تستهزئ بي, فقلت: إني لا أستهزئ بك فأخذه كله, فاستاقه فلم يترك منه شيئا, اللهم فإن كنت فعلت ذلك ابتغاء وجهك, فافرج عنا ما نحن فيه, فانفرجت الصخرة, فخرجوا يمشون
"A third man said: 'Yes, God, I've hired a few workers. I also submitted their wages each, except the wages of the people he left before I handed over his pay. Then, I made wages to evolve into treasure lot, After some time passed, he came to me and said: 'O servant of God, give me my wages!' I said to him: 'All that you have seen in the form of camels, cows, goats, and slaves are your reward.' He said: 'O man of God, do not joke with me.' I said: 'I'm not joking'. So he took the whole treasure it, led him, and not leaving bit. Oh, God, if I did it solely because of the hope of your face, then remove it us from this place, the stone was moved up to the three of them could walk out. '
Had the workers was dead before he receives wages, employers should submit it to his heir wages immediately. Therefore, they are more entitled to the wages. This is a form of redemption.
If the employer is already trying to find workers heir owner it but also not find it, he should give alms worth of wages on behalf of the worker. Allah knows best.
Source: Adab Al-Ijarah (Memperkerjakan Orang), by Shaykh 'Abdul' Aziz bin as-Sayyid Fathi Nada, Copied from the Book of Adab Encyclopedia of Islam According to the Qur'an and Sunnah, Publication Library Imam Shafi'i Jakarta, p 49-54
Translated by writer
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