Jihad And Terrorism By The Indonesian Ulema Council


1. Terrorism is a crime against humanity and civilization which poses a serious threat to the sovereignty of the state, the dangers to security, world peace and detrimental to the welfare of society. Terrorism is a form of organized crime as well (well organized), is trans-national and classified as an extraordinary crime (extra-ordinary crime)
which does not discriminate between the target (indiskrimatif).
2. Jihad contains two meanings: All efforts and utmost efforts and willingness to endure hardship in combat and resist enemy aggression in all its forms. Jihad in this sense is also called al-qital or al-harb. All efforts were earnest and sustained and exalt the religion of Allah (li i'laai kalimatillah).
3. The difference between Terrorism and Jihad
a. Terrorism:
1) Its destructive (ifsad) and anarchy / chaos (faudha).
2) The goal is to create fear and / or destroy
     other parties.
3) Do without rules and targets indefinitely.
b. jihad:
1) Its improvement (for reconciliation) though by the war.
2) The goal is to establish the religion of Allah and / or defend the rights of the parties
    the terzhalimi.
3) Performed by following the rules set by the shariah with
     target the enemy was clear.

Doing Terror Law and Jihad
1. Law for terror is forbidden, whether committed by individuals, groups and nations.
2. Legal jihad is obligatory.

Suicide and 'Amaliyah al-istisyhad
1. People who commit suicide kills himself for his own vested while the actors' amaliyah al-istisyhad offered himself as a sacrifice for the sake of religion and the Ummah. People who commit suicide are a pessimist of him and God's provision while the perpetrators' amaliyah al Isti syhad is a man who throughout his ideals directed to seek the grace and pleasure of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala.
2. Suicide bombing is haram because it is one form of an act of desperation (al-ya'su) and harm themselves (ihlak an-nafs), both conducted in a peaceful area (dar al-shulh / dar al-salam / dar al -da'wah) as well as in areas of war (dar al-harb).
3.'Amaliyah al-istisyhad (actions seeking martyrdom) is permissible because it is part of jihad binnafsi done in the area of ​​war (dar al-harb) or in a state of war with the aim of provoking fear (irhab) and a bigger loss in the enemies of Islam, including acts that resulted in the killing themselves. 'Amaliyah al-istisyhad different from suicide.

Source: Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2004 Tentang Terorisme, hal 5-9

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